“Sustainable design involves creating products, systems, and environments that fulfill their intended functions while considering their environmental, social, and economic impacts throughout their entire life cycle. Life cycle thinking is a systematic approach that considers the entire life cycle of a product or system, from raw material extraction to manufacturing, use, disposal, and potential recycling or repurposing, aiming to identify opportunities for reduced environmental impact. Both concepts emphasize integrating environmental and social considerations into design and decision-making processes, contributing to long-term viability and well-being in alignment with the principles of sustainable development.”